Type: Perspective article

Transforming dairy farms into smart bioreactors towards an autogenic bio-energetic equilibrium framework for circular and climate-resilient production systems: A perspective article

Authors

  • Abdelaziz Mousa Nour Fish and Animal Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt. https://orcid.org/0009-0007-1048-8846
    Competing Interests

    There is no conflict of interest to declare.

Corresponding Author

Abdelaziz Mousa Nour

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.64636/ar.52

Abstract

The current business model of the global dairy industry is linear, i.e. "take-make-dispose," making it structurally vulnerable to global commodity volatility, degradation of the environment. In this editorial, the authors present the Theory of Autogenic Bio-Energetic Equilibrium (ABEE), a new conceptual framework for the redefinition of the dairy farm from an extractive producer to a self-stabilizing, circular bio-refinery. We codify the ABEE Theory into the Operational Circularity Coefficient, a mathematical parameter combining metabolic efficiency, thermodynamic utilization of exergy and nutrient recirculation. In addition, we integrate Digital Twin technology, which allows for metabolic synchronization in real time and for climate-smart resilience. Unlike additive efficiency measures, our model shows that circularity operationalized as an autonomous techno-biological system provides a conceptual framework and effectively separates farm profitability from the exogenous supply chains. Even though ABEE is still conceptual and needs to be empirically validated, it offers a structured basis to move forward with the circular dairy transformation and design of dairy farming systems to be more climate resilient. This outlook offers a scientific framework for the design of future agriculture policies, specifically suggesting that the shift from output-based subsidies to Circular Integrity Credits could be a necessary step to achieve food sovereignty in the long term. This paper uses the following keywords to describe its content: Autogenic Bio-Energetic Equilibrium, Circular Dairy Economy, Operational Circularity Coefficient, Digital Twin Integration, Metabolic Rift Remediation.

Keywords:

Autogenic Bio-Energetic Equilibrium, Circular Dairy Economy, Operational Circularity Coefficient, Digital Twin Integration, Metabolic Rift Remediation
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Published

02-07-2026

Competing Interest

There is no conflict of interest to declare.

Data Availability Statement

The authors declare that data can be provided by the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

Issue

Vol. 2 No. 2 (2026): Animal Reports | Current issue

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Perspective article

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Copyright (c) 2026 Abdelaziz Mousa Nour

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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

How to Cite

Nour , Abdelaziz Mousa. 2026. “Transforming Dairy Farms into Smart Bioreactors towards an Autogenic Bio-Energetic Equilibrium Framework for Circular and Climate-Resilient Production Systems: A Perspective Article”. Animal Reports 2 (2): 144-49. https://doi.org/10.64636/ar.52.

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